⊦ dups(x) ↔ (∃ a, x0, y, z. x = x0 + (a + (y + (a + z))))
a ∈ x ⊦ ∃ a0, x0, y, z. a ' + x = x0 + (a0 + (y + (a0 + z)))
Used terms: a ' + x