128 = 2 ^ 7, 2 ^ i0 < 128, 0 ≤ i0, 0 < i0, 7 ≤ i0, 2 ^ i0 ≤ b2i(by) ⊦ ~1 = i0, cast(i0 + 1, b2i(by)) = b2i(by)
Used formulas: 128 = 2 ^ 7